2. The use of Supercritical Fluid Extraction Technology in Food Processing
3. Permeatıon Of Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde Across Polymerıc Hollow Fıber Membranes
4. Regeneratıon Of Gac-F400 By Scco2: Effect Of System Condıtıons On Desorptıon Studıes
4. 1. The operation rig
4. 2. Adsorption studies
4. 3. Solubility studies
4. 4. Desorption Studies:
4. 4. 1. The rate of desorption
4. 5. The effect of temperature and pressure
4. 6. The effect of SCF flow rate
4. 7. The effect of initial carbon loading
5. Separatıon Of Flurbıprofen And Ibuprofen Enantıomers On A Chıral Statıonary Phase Usıng Supercrıtıcal Fluıds
5. 1. Effect of temperature and pressure using isopropanol as a modifier
5. 2. Effect of various solvents as modifier
5. 3. Effect of Modifier Content v/v % on Peak Resolution and Separation Factor in SFC
6. Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Chromatography As Successful Separatıon Tool In Chemıcal And Pharmaceutıcal Industry
7. Contınuous Supercrıtıcal Extractıon Of Solıds In An Extruder
8. Purıfıcatıon Of Isocyanates By Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Fractıonatıon Usıng Carbon Dıoxıde And Carbon Dıoxıde-Propane Mıxtures
8. 1. Separational analysis
8. 1. Separational analysis
8. 2. Counter-current experiments
9. Cfd Sımulatıon Of Partıcle-To-Fluıd Heat Transfer Under Supercrıtıcal Condıtıons: Prelımınary Results
9. 1. Geometrical model
9. 2. Mesh design and cfd modeling
9. 3. Model analysis
9. 3. 1. Velocity profiles
9. 3. 2. Temperature profiles
9. 3. 3. Transport properties estimation
10. Flow Velocıtıes Of Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde Under Condıtıons Of Natural Convectıon
10. 1. External heater
10. 2. Internal heater
11. Mathematıcal Modelıng And Optımızatıon Of Technologıcal Schemes For Oxıdatıon Of Organıcs In Supercrıtıcal Water
11. 1. Chemical reactions proceeded in the system
11. 2. Thermodynamic calculations
12. Solıd Bed Propertıes In Supercrıtıcal Processıng
12. 1. Mechanical compaction
12. 2. Permeability
12. 3. Radial to axial pressure ratio, pressure propagation
12. 4. Modelling
13. Purıfıcatıon Of The Synthesıs Product Of Salıcylıc Acıd By Means Of Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde
14. Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Extractıon And Fractıonatıon Of Essentıal Oıls And Related Products
15. Productıon Of Reference Soıls For Ecotoxıcologıcal Fıeld Studıes Usıng Supercrıtıcal Co2-Extractıon.
15. 1. Extraction efficiency
16. Heat Transfer And Hydrodynamıcs In Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde
17. Supercritical Fluid Extraction Of Natural Products
17. 1. SFE of Essential Oils
17. 2. SFE of Black Pepper Essential Oil
17. 2. 2. Extended Lack’s Plug Flow Model
17. 2. 3. Mass balance and boundary conditions
17. 2. 4. Model with analytical solution
17. 2. 5. Analytical assumptions
17. 2. 6. Nomenclature
18. Solute-Solute And Solute-Matrıx Interactıons In The Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Extractıon From Plants
18. 1. Equilibrium Relationship
18. 2. Extraction Of Oleoresin
18. 3. Extraction of minor low-polar compounds
18. 4. Extraction of minor polar compounds
19. The Modellıng Of Fractıonatıon Of Frıed Oıl Wıth Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde: A Fırst Step
20. Supercrıtıcal Fluıds As Envıronmentally Benıgn Solvents For The Chemıcal Industry
21. Is It Possıble To Enhance The Dıssolutıon Rate Of Poorly-Soluble Actıve Ingredıents By Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Processes ?
21. 1. Supercritical Fluid particle design
21. 2. Dissolution of SCF-micronized neat particles
21. 2. 1. Experimental issues:
21. 3. Dissolution of composite particles
21. 3. 1. SCF formulation
22. Productıon Of Mıcro-Partıcles Wıth Sc-Co2: Comparıson Of Pca And Gas Precıpıtatıon Technıques For Dıfferent Pharmaceutıcal Compounds
23. A Supercrıtıcal Process To Produce Cocoa Butter And Chocolate Partıcles For The Seedıng Of Chocolate
23. 1. Experimental apparatus
23. 2. Chocolate particle generation
24. Controlled Precıpıtatıon Of Actıve Pharmaceutıcal Ingredıents Employıng Supercrıtıcal Fluıds: Scale-Up Consıderatıons
25. Applıcatıon Of Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde In The Preparatıon Of Bıodegradable Polylactıde Membranes
26. Semı-Batch Fractıonatıon Of Fatty Acıds Ethyl Esters By Means Of Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde
26. 1. Modellization
27. Supercrıtıcal Co2-Extractıon Of Fatty Compounds Out Of Bıotechnologıcal Products
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28. 1. GC-MS analysis
29. Antıoxıdant Actıvıty Of Orıganum Majorana L. Herb And Extracts Obtaıned By Supercrıtıcal Co2 Extractıon
30. Lycopene Extractıon From Processed Tomatoes Usıng Supercrıtıcal Co2
31. Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde Extractıon Of Glycyrrhızın From Lıcorıce Root
32. Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde Fluıd Extractıon Of Seed Oıl For Hıppophae Rhamnoıdes L.
32. 1. Effect of Particle sizes
33. Effect Of Sample Preparatıon Method On Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Extractıon For Essentıal Oıls From Bıtter Orange (Var.Amara)
34. Alkylresorcınols Extracted From Rye Seeds By Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde
35. Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Extractıon Of Lıpıd Compounds From Heather (Calluna Vulgarıs).
36. Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Extractıon Of Lıpophılıc Extractıves From Wheat Straw Trıtıcum Aestıvum
37. Kınetıcs Of Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Extractıon Of Oıl From Mıcroalga Nannochloropsis Sp
38. The Technology Of Extractıng Essence Oıl From The Purple Perılla Seeds By Supercrıtıcal Fluıds
39. Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Extractıon Of Antıoxıdants From Pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.)
39.1. Extraction of carotenoids
39. 2. Extraction of polyphenols
40. Supercrıtıcal Co2 Extractıon Of Turkısh Mountaın Tea (Sideritis arguta Boiss.et Heldr.)
40. 1. Supercritical CO2 extraction aparatus
41. Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Extractıon Of Mıcroalgae Spırulına Platensıs. Chemo-Functıonal Characterızatıon
42. Supercrıtıcal Fluıd Extractıon Of Carotenoıds From Tomato Industrıal Wastes
43. Extractıon Of Oıl Enrıched In A-Tocopherol From Grape Seeds (Vıtıs Vınıfera) Usıng Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde
44. Identıfıcatıon And Removal Of Offflavors From Tuna Fısh Oıl Wıth Supercrıtıcal Co2
45. Upgradıng And Valorısatıon Of Food Wastes By Supercrıtıcal Carbon Dıoxıde Extractıo




Figure 15 shows the effect of CO 2 flow rate on the rate of desorption. It is clear that increased SCF flow increased both the rate of desorption and the maximum amount of caprolactam desorbed.

Figure 15: The effect of CO 2 flow rate on

desorption of caprolactam /GAC-F400 system at

250 bars and 40ºC.

 

At higher flows (> 3 L/min) the desorption rate curves became closer, as they showed a balance between two contradicting effects: higher solvent amounts in a unit time would enhance desorption, and increased solvent flow rate would reduce film mass transfer limitations, which increased desorption rate on the one hand. Whereas reduced residence time would naturally reduce the mass desorbed. The net effect is enhanced desorption rate.

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